We’ve all heard “fight or flight,” but trauma responses don’t stop there. Four survival instincts help us cope when danger strikes—or even feels like it’s striking. These responses are called the fight, flight, or freeze reactions, and there’s a fourth one: appease (sometimes called fawn). In this guide, we’ll explore each response, how they show…

Some relationships feel like chains—tight around your chest, hard to escape, yet strangely comforting at times. That’s what a trauma bond often feels like. You know it’s hurting you. You might even want to leave. But something keeps pulling you back. So, how do you break something that feels like it owns a piece of…